Ali (not real name), 7 years old, and his 18 year-old brother, are looking at the Italian Coast Guard disembarking survivors in Messina Port, Sicily, while waiting for their turn. Italy, 2021. © Virginie Nguyen Hoang
Moustafa (not his real name) and two of his sons are getting ready and waiting to disembark on November 19, 2021. Italy, 2021. © Virginie Nguyen Hoang
Moustafa and his three sons are among the 99 survivors rescued by the Doctors Without Borders team on the Geo Barents on 16 November, during a difficult search and rescue operation less than 30 nautical miles from the Libyan coast. The survivors recount that they left Zuwara, some 100 km from Tripoli on the Libyan shore, in the late evening of 15 November on a cramped wooden boat.
After a few miles at sea, the weather started deteriorating, the waves were becoming higher, and the engine stopped working. “People were panicking, we had women and children on board, they were all scared and crying; many were sobbing, screaming and moving on the boat out of despair. There was nothing I could do, just to pray to god for my sons to stay alive,” says Moustafa, keeping Ali, his youngest son, between his arms.
The wooden boat, with 109 people including Moustafa and his sons, had left Zuwara on the night of 15 November. When the Geo Barents reached the wooden boat in distress in the early afternoon, Doctors Without Borders teams rescued 99 people. They found the bodies of 10 people on the lower deck, thought to have suffocated from fuel fumes. The survivors told us that these people had spent more than 13 hours on the cramped lower deck of the boat. Some of the people on the boat had not realised what was happening to their friends or family members on the lower deck; others had to travel for hours next to the bodies of their fellow travellers.
On November 16, the Doctors Without Borders rescue team from the Geo Barents reaches the small wooden boat that's taking on water, to rescue the people on board. On the right side, Moustafa and his sons are waiting patiently to receive a life jacket. Central Mediterranean Sea, 2021. © Virginie Nguyen Hoang
Many of the people rescued that day have survived a series of traumatic events throughout their journeys, and their experience on the boat is only the latest. Whatever the reasons that pushed them to leave their place of origin, and whenever they leave, there is always a common element in their accounts: the experience of violence, deprivations and the heart-wrenching fear for their lives and their loved ones.
Moustafa has a metal internal fixator on his right leg that makes him limp. He says he has been in pain since 2011, when his leg was severely injured in Syria and the doctors needed to attach the fixator.
“[Armed men] came for me while I was in my shop. They locked the door, they repeatedly beat me with the butt of their rifles, and with whatever they found,” says Moustafa, showing me a long scar still visible on his head. “I fell unconscious, they thought I was dead. A few hours later, I woke up in an empty street, behind some abandoned buildings, with a broken leg and covered in my blood.”
Moustafa is from Babbila, a southern suburb of Damascus that was under a four-year siege during the conflict in Syria, which started in 2011. When the siege was lifted in 2015, he decided to flee the war with his three sons. Ali was only one year old at that time. Their journey has been long and difficult since: the family spent almost a month in Sudan and then they moved to Egypt, where their living conditions were tough.
In September 2021, jobless and with only expired passports, Moustafa made the difficult decision to go to Libya and attempt to cross the Mediterranean. He hoped to give his sons at least a chance to attend school. The family crossed the border from Egypt to Libya; they went through Benghazi and Tripoli, then to Sabratah and Zuwara to find the boat from which the Geo Barents rescued them.
After Doctors Without Borders teams announced that they were assigned a port of safety in Messina, Sicily, survivors started to clean and tidy up Geo Barents' deck. Moustafa (not his real name) wasn't able to help due to his handicap. Italy, 2021. © Virginie Nguyen Hoang
It is hard for me to comprehend that a child like Ali, with his incredibly gentle smile and his kindness, has spent his whole life fleeing. It is impossible for me to accept that a caring father was left with no other choice than to risk his sons’ lives on a boat in the Mediterranean just to let them attend school safely. This is the shameful reality unfolding at European borders, where irresponsible and reckless migration policies condemn people like Moustafa and his family to risk their lives.
An estimated 1,303 people have died or gone missing while attempting the dangerous journey across the Central Mediterranean in 2021, including children. Some 22,825 people have died or gone missing on this same route since 2014.
Since launching search and rescue activities in 2015, Doctors Without Borders has sent medical teams on board eight rescue ships, at times operating the vessels in partnership with other organisations. Overall, Doctors Without Borders search and rescue teams have assisted more than 82,000 people. The Geo Barents is the current Doctors Without Borders-chartered search and rescue vessel and started operations in May 2021. A total of 1,345 people were rescued by the Doctors Without Borders team on board the Geo Barents between May and November 2021.
*real name has been changed to protect the identity of the person
