One year after the Beirut blast, the situation in Lebanon has got much worse

After the explosion

Fawziyya and her family are part of the half of Lebanon's population now living in extreme poverty. Since 2019, this small country on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean has been hit hard by an economic crisis, rising inflation, political instability, and COVID-19 pandemic.  On top of all these came the explosion which rocked the capital, Beirut, on 4 August 2020.

The huge explosion in the port area had devastating effects: close to 200 people were killed, more than 6,000 were injured and tens of thousands lost their homes. It also destroyed a number of public facilities, including hospitals, and badly damaged the central warehouse of the health authority, disrupting access to medicines, especially for elderly people and patients with chronic diseases.

In the wake of the explosion, Doctors Without Borders teams donated first aid kits to the Lebanese civil defense and medical supplies and masks to the Lebanese Red Cross. Doctors Without Borders teams in three locations – Karantina, Mar Mkhayel and Khandak – treated more than 1,800 patients with wounds caused by the blast and 4,500 patients with chronic diseases who needed medical support.

Doctors Without Borders teams also went door-to-door in affected areas to assess people’s needs. They installed water tanks and distributed water purification and hygiene kits; they also scaled up psychosocial support.

In the weeks following the explosion, several public hospitals were almost at capacity due to high numbers of patients with COVID-19. People injured in the explosion rushed to reach hospitals without taking preventative measures, as coronavirus was the least of their worries.

With numbers of COVID-19 patients rocketing, Lebanon was put under lockdown for several weeks. Even before the pandemic, the public health system faced regular bottlenecks in drugs and medical supplies as a result of the economic crisis. Post-pandemic, the situation grew even worse.

Shortages of medicines

One year after the Beirut explosion the people’s need for medical and psychological help is still enormous. At the same time, a visit to the doctor has become a luxury for many people due to the cost of private healthcare. “The health system in Lebanon is highly privatised so more and more people cannot afford medication or see a doctor,” says Hammoud al-Shall, Doctors Without Borders assistant project coordinator. “People have to decide whether to spend their money on food or drugs. The prices of both are up to five times what they used to be."

Fawziyya needed pain medication but found it impossible even to get hold of even the most basic drugs, like paracetamol “I fell and then I had such a headache,” she says. “I wanted to buy paracetamol, but the pharmacist didn't have it. We tried three other pharmacies, but it was nowhere to be found. The drug is no longer available in Lebanon.”

Such shortages of medications are challenging, even for organisations like Doctors Without Borders. It is difficult for local companies to import medicines into the country, so Doctors Without Borders teams now import the most essential ones themselves. The escalating fuel crisis has increased transportation costs, affecting both stocks of medical supplies and patients trying to reach medical care.

An uncertain future

Many people in Lebanon – both Lebanese and refugees – already struggle with stress and psychological trauma connected with war or displacement. Now, deteriorating living conditions are proving an additional burden and impacting their mental health. Numerous patients who seek psychological help from Doctors Without Borders suffer from depression, anxiety or despair.

Fawziyya Al-Sahili worries about her family’s future. She’s particularly concerned about her son who is out of work. He also attends the Doctors Without Borders clinic in Hermel, where he receives psychosocial support.

The meal now ready, Fawziyya sits on the carpet with plates of rice, white bread and vegetable stew in front of her. Her anxiety about the future is ever-present, but she has not lost all hope yet. There is solidarity amongst the Lebanese people and she feels supported by her community – not just the neighbours who bring her food, but the social workers and the doctors in the Doctors Without Borders clinic where her family gets the free medical, psychosocial care and medications they need.